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What is NFC?

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a wireless communication technology that allows for short-range communication between devices. It enables the exchange of data between devices in close proximity, typically within a few centimeters. NFC has gained popularity for its convenience in various applications, including mobile payments, contactless data transfer, and device pairing.

History of NFC

NFC technology was first developed in the early 2000s by a consortium of companies, including Philips and Sony. It evolved from radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology and aimed to provide a more versatile, two-way communication protocol for short-range interactions

How NFC works?

NFC operates on the principles of electromagnetic induction. It involves two primary modes of operation:

  • Active Mode: In this mode, both devices (e.g., smartphones, NFC tags) generate their own RF fields and communicate with each other, simply say both are powered. This mode is used for peer-to-peer data exchange.
  • Passive mode: In this mode, one device generates an RF field (typically a Mobile device), and the other device (typically an NFC tag) uses the energy from the field to transmit information, simply say NFC tag has no power, it use the power from the Mobile or other device. Passive mode is commonly used in applications like contactless payments and access control, NFC contact sharing etc.

NFC communication is initiated when two devices are brought close together. The data transfer is typically initiated by tapping, bringing the devices within a few centimeters of each other (typically 1 cm), or simply by placing them in proximity.

 

NFC Devices

NFC is supported by a wide range of devices, including:

  • Smartphones: Most modern smartphones are equipped with NFC technology, allowing them to perform various tasks, such as mobile payments and pairing with other devices.
  • NFC Tags: These are small, passive devices that can store information and be placed on objects or locations for quick information access.
  • Payment Cards: Many credit and debit cards now come with embedded NFC chips, enabling contactless payments.
  • Wearable Devices: Smartwatches and fitness trackers may include NFC for quick pairing with smartphones and other NFC-enabled devices.